Born on a Beautiful Day: Mothers’ Perceptions of ‘Memorial Date’ Births in Indonesia

Abstract

The rate of Caesarean Section (CS) deliveries in Indonesia has continued to rise, with a notable portion driven by non-medical factors, including the cultural practice of choosing “beautiful dates” (tanggal cantik) for childbirth. This study examines public perceptions of elective CS and the cultural meanings attached to selecting specific birth dates. Using a cross-sectional online survey, the study collected responses from 969 participants to identify which dates are considered “special,” assess attitudes toward CS, and analyze the socioeconomic characteristics associated with these choices.

The findings reveal that selecting meaningful birth dates—whether aesthetically patterned dates (e.g., 12/12), personally significant dates (such as parents’ birthdays), or national memorial dates (Independence Day, Kartini Day, Heroes Day)—is widely recognized and accepted in society. Additionally, around 25–28% of respondents perceive non-medical CS as socially acceptable, and many believe that doctors often offer CS options on preferred dates. While medical reasons remain the primary driver of CS, approximately 20% of respondents report choosing CS for convenience or the ability to schedule a specific date.

These results highlight that decisions regarding CS are shaped not only by medical considerations but also by cultural norms, numerological preferences, and social perceptions. The growing trend of elective CS has implications for healthcare efficiency and maternal–infant health risks. The study recommends enhanced public education, culturally sensitive healthcare communication, and stronger oversight to ensure that CS procedures are used appropriately and safely.